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Emergency contraception.

Sheila Dunn1, Édith Guilbert2,

  • 1Toronto ON.

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal D'Obstetrique Et Gynecologie Du Canada : JOGC
|September 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emergency contraception (EC) options like levonorgestrel pills and copper IUDs are effective in preventing pregnancy. Early use of EC increases effectiveness, with levonorgestrel-only regimens being preferred for efficacy and safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Pharmacology
  • Contraception

Background:

  • Emergency contraception (EC) is crucial for preventing unintended pregnancies.
  • Available EC methods include hormonal regimens (Yuzpe, levonorgestrel-only) and copper intrauterine devices (IUDs).
  • Understanding EC's efficacy, safety, and optimal provision is vital for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on emergency contraception (EC).
  • To assess available EC options, their mechanisms, effectiveness, and safety profiles.
  • To provide guidance on the effective implementation of EC services in practice settings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of Medline and Cochrane Database (1998-2010) for studies on EC.
  • Inclusion of clinical guidelines and position papers from health organizations.
  • Classification and ranking of studies based on Canadian Task Force criteria.

Main Results:

  • Hormonal EC is effective up to 5 days post-intercourse; copper IUDs are effective up to 7 days.
  • Levonorgestrel regimens demonstrate higher efficacy and fewer side effects than the Yuzpe regimen.
  • Single-dose and two-dose levonorgestrel regimens show similar efficacy and safety.

Conclusions:

  • Levonorgestrel-only hormonal EC is the preferred method in Canada due to superior efficacy and safety.
  • EC should be administered as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse for maximum effectiveness.
  • Routine counseling on EC should be provided to women of reproductive age during healthcare visits.