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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Arthroscopic Management of Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Whole Rotator Cable Reconstruction Using Proximal Biceps Tendon Autograft
07:22

Arthroscopic Management of Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Whole Rotator Cable Reconstruction Using Proximal Biceps Tendon Autograft

Published on: June 6, 2025

Prosthetic replacement in rotator cuff-deficient shoulders.

R G Pollock1, E D Deliz, S J McIlveen

  • 1Shoulder Service, New York Orthopaedic Hospital, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, N.Y.

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
|September 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Humeral hemiarthroplasty and total shoulder arthroplasty offer similar pain relief for glenohumeral arthritis with rotator cuff deficiency. Humeral hemiarthroplasty shows improved active elevation and reduced surgical complications.

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Modified Long Head of Biceps Tendon Rerouting and Fixation as Partial Capsular Reconstruction for Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
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Modified Long Head of Biceps Tendon Rerouting and Fixation as Partial Capsular Reconstruction for Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears

Published on: March 6, 2026

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Arthroscopic Management of Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Whole Rotator Cable Reconstruction Using Proximal Biceps Tendon Autograft
07:22

Arthroscopic Management of Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Whole Rotator Cable Reconstruction Using Proximal Biceps Tendon Autograft

Published on: June 6, 2025

Modified Long Head of Biceps Tendon Rerouting and Fixation as Partial Capsular Reconstruction for Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
07:10

Modified Long Head of Biceps Tendon Rerouting and Fixation as Partial Capsular Reconstruction for Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears

Published on: March 6, 2026

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Glenohumeral arthritis with rotator cuff deficiency presents a complex surgical challenge.
  • Prosthetic replacement is a common treatment, but optimal implant choice remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the outcomes of humeral head replacement versus total shoulder arthroplasty in patients with glenohumeral arthritis and rotator cuff deficiency.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of rotator cuff reconstruction techniques in conjunction with prosthetic replacement.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 30 shoulders in 25 patients undergoing prosthetic replacement for glenohumeral arthritis and rotator cuff deficiency.
  • Nineteen shoulders received humeral head replacement, and 11 received total shoulder arthroplasty.
  • Surgical focus on rotator cuff mobilization, reconstruction, and anteroposterior stability.

Main Results:

  • Both arthroplasty types provided significant pain relief (93% satisfactory).
  • Humeral hemiarthroplasty demonstrated superior active elevation gains (+52° vs +2°).
  • Humeral hemiarthroplasty was associated with easier cuff repair, shorter operative times, and less blood loss.

Conclusions:

  • Humeral hemiarthroplasty and total shoulder arthroplasty yield comparable pain relief, functional improvement, and patient satisfaction.
  • Humeral hemiarthroplasty is favored due to enhanced active elevation, simpler cuff repair, and reduced surgical morbidity.
  • Avoiding glenoid resurfacing in hemiarthroplasty mitigates risks of glenoid loosening without compromising outcomes.