Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs01:28

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
Antidepressant Drugs: Overview01:25

Antidepressant Drugs: Overview

Antidepressant drugs are a class of medications primarily used for treating various mood disorders, including major depression, anxiety disorders, and other related conditions. These medicines work by modulating the neurotransmitter balance within the brain, alleviating depressive symptoms. Antidepressants can be broadly categorized into several groups according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine...
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview

Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic circuitry.
Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Role of socioeconomic deprivation on inequities in care outcomes of haematological malignancies treated with stem cell transplant in the UK: a systematic review protocol.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Drugs to improve anaemia, quality of life, and physical function in people with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2026
Same author

Oral or parenteral iron supplementation to reduce deferral, iron deficiency and/or anaemia in blood donors.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2026
Same author

Measuring health inequalities in liver transplantation: a systematic review of deprivation scores for survival in end-stage liver disease.

BMJ public health·2026
Same author

Clinical and economic outcomes of therapeutic plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin for treating adults with autoimmune neurological disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC neurology·2026
Same author

Antifibrinolytics (lysine analogues) for the prevention of bleeding in people with haematological disorders.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

The NeuroStar TMS Device: Conducting the FDA Approved Protocol for Treatment of Depression
10:29

The NeuroStar TMS Device: Conducting the FDA Approved Protocol for Treatment of Depression

Published on: November 12, 2010

Antidepressants for patients with tinnitus.

Paolo Baldo1, Carolyn Doree, Paola Molin

  • 1Pharmacy Unit, Drug Information Centre, CRO Aviano - Centro di RiferimentoOncologico IRCCS, Aviano (PN), Italy. pbaldo@cro.it. p.baldo@tiscali.it.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|September 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Antidepressants show insufficient evidence for treating tinnitus, with some studies suggesting slight improvements possibly due to bias. More research is needed to confirm any direct effect on tinnitus symptoms.

More Related Videos

How to Use the H1 Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil for Conditions Other than Depression
07:00

How to Use the H1 Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil for Conditions Other than Depression

Published on: January 23, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

The NeuroStar TMS Device: Conducting the FDA Approved Protocol for Treatment of Depression
10:29

The NeuroStar TMS Device: Conducting the FDA Approved Protocol for Treatment of Depression

Published on: November 12, 2010

How to Use the H1 Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil for Conditions Other than Depression
07:00

How to Use the H1 Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil for Conditions Other than Depression

Published on: January 23, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Tinnitus, the perception of sound without external stimuli, is often compared to chronic pain and can impact quality of life.
  • Antidepressant medications have been explored for tinnitus management, even in patients without diagnosed depression.
  • This review is an update of previous Cochrane reviews on antidepressant use for tinnitus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of antidepressant drugs in treating tinnitus.
  • To determine if observed benefits are a direct effect on tinnitus or secondary to treating co-existing depression.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Searched multiple databases including Cochrane, PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science.
  • Included six trials with 610 patients, assessing tricyclic antidepressants, SSRIs, and trazodone against placebo.

Main Results:

  • Overall trial quality was low, with methodological limitations in most studies.
  • Tricyclic antidepressants showed a potential slight improvement in tinnitus, but this may be due to bias.
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) did not demonstrate overall improvement, though higher doses showed possible subgroup benefits.
  • Trazodone showed improvements in tinnitus intensity and quality of life, but not statistically significant.
  • Common side effects included sedation, sexual dysfunction, and dry mouth.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence is insufficient to support the use of antidepressant drug therapy for tinnitus.
  • Further high-quality research is required to establish the effectiveness of antidepressants in tinnitus management.
  • The potential benefits for specific subgroups or higher doses warrant additional investigation.