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Thermosensation

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Updated: May 18, 2026

A Large Lateral Craniotomy Procedure for Mesoscale Wide-field Optical Imaging of Brain Activity

A Large Lateral Craniotomy Procedure for Mesoscale Wide-field Optical Imaging of Brain Activity

Published on: May 7, 2017

Brain surface temperature under a craniotomy.

Abigail S Kalmbach¹, Jack Waters

¹Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

Journal of Neurophysiology

|September 14, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cranial windows used in neuroscience experiments cause significant brain cooling, affecting function. Warming the brain surface with a 37°C solution effectively corrects this temperature dysregulation, ensuring accurate physiological recordings.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Physiology
Surgical preparation

Background:

Neuroscientists commonly use cranial windows for brain access, but this can perturb brain tissue.
Heat loss from the exposed brain surface is a potential perturbation, leading to temperature dysregulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate heat loss in mouse cranial window preparations.
To assess the impact of temperature dysregulation on brain function.
To evaluate a method for correcting brain temperature during experiments.

Main Methods:

Measurement of brain surface and deep tissue temperatures in cranial window preparations.
Assessment of cellular and network function under hypothermic conditions.
Application of warmed (37°C) solution perfusion to correct brain temperature.

Main Results:

Exposed neocortex cooled to approximately 28°C, significantly below core body temperature.
A temperature gradient extended several millimeters into the brain tissue.
Warmed solution perfusion successfully normalized brain temperature to 36-38°C at all depths.

Conclusions:

Temperature dysregulation is a significant issue in common cranial window preparations.
Brain cooling negatively impacts neocortical cellular and network function.
Warmed solution perfusion is an effective method to maintain brain temperature, crucial for accurate physiological experiments.