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Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...
Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin to...
ECG Interpretation of Rhythms01:24

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage. When...
Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...
Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring01:23

Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring

Holter monitoring is a continuous electrocardiography (ECG) recording that tracks the heart's electrical activity over an extended period, generally 24 to 48 hours. This noninvasive diagnostic tool detects irregular heart rhythms that may not be captured during a standard ECG performed in a clinical setting.DeviceThe Holter monitor is a portable, small device connected to several electrodes on the patient's chest. These electrodes detect the heart's electrical signals and transmit them to the...

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Related Experiment Video

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Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities
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Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities

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Ischemia detection by electrocardiogram in wavelet domain using entropy measure.

Hossein Rabbani1, Mohammad Parsa Mahjoob, Eiman Farahabadi

  • 1Assistant Professor, Biomedical Engineering Department, Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences : the Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
|September 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Entropy measures effectively detect ischemia in heart disease patients. A wavelet-based approach analyzing electrocardiogram (ECG) signals showed high accuracy, distinguishing patients from healthy individuals.

Keywords:
ElectrocardiogramExercise TestIschemia

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of mortality in developed nations.
  • Entropy measures can differentiate between healthy individuals and patients due to variations in signal perturbation.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal analysis is crucial for diagnosing cardiac conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate entropy-based methods for detecting ischemia using ECG signals.
  • To compare the efficacy of different entropy analysis techniques.
  • To identify the most accurate method for distinguishing between healthy and ischemic individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated four entropy-based methods: direct ECG signal analysis, wavelet sub-bands, ST segment analysis, and time-frequency reconstruction.
  • Utilized ECG data from 40 patients exhibiting ischemic signs, confirmed by exercise treadmill tests.
  • Compared results against a gold standard diagnostic approach.

Main Results:

  • The wavelet domain technique, specifically analyzing sub-bands, demonstrated the highest distinction between healthy and ischemic groups.
  • This method achieved a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 95%.
  • Results indicated superior performance compared to other entropy-based approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Entropy analysis in the wavelet domain, particularly using ECG signal sub-bands, is a highly effective method for ischemia detection.
  • The proposed wavelet sub-band method significantly outperforms other investigated techniques.
  • This approach offers a promising tool for non-invasive diagnosis of ischemic heart disease.