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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
09:33

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Published on: July 28, 2013

White matter dementia.

Christopher M Filley1

  • 1Behavioral Neurology Section, 12631 East 17 Avenue, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders
|September 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

White matter dementia (WMD) highlights how white matter disorders cause significant cognitive loss. Understanding white matter

Keywords:
White matterdementiadiffusion tensor imagingdisconnectionmagnetic resonance spectroscopymultiple sclerosismyelintoluene leukoencephalopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • White matter dementia (WMD) syndrome, introduced in 1988, addresses cognitive loss from cerebral white matter disorders.
  • Historically, neurobehavioral research focused on gray matter, overlooking white matter's role in cognition.
  • Advancements in neuroimaging have revealed white matter abnormalities and their cognitive correlations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the significant contribution of white matter disorders to dementia.
  • To explore the neurobehavioral commonalities across various white matter disorders causing dementia.
  • To introduce mild cognitive dysfunction (MCD) as a precursor syndrome to WMD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neuropsychological findings from ten categories of white matter disorders.
  • Correlation of neuroimaging data with cognitive performance in patients with white matter abnormalities.
  • Analysis of the functional significance of white matter in normal and abnormal cognition.

Main Results:

  • White matter dysfunction is implicated in over 100 disorders, potentially causing or contributing to dementia.
  • Remarkable neurobehavioral commonalities exist among dementias arising from white matter disorders.
  • Mild cognitive dysfunction (MCD) may represent an early stage of white matter neuropathology.

Conclusions:

  • White matter plays a critical role in cognitive function by facilitating rapid information transfer within neural networks.
  • The study of WMD and MCD enhances understanding and potential diagnosis/treatment of cognitive disorders.
  • Further research, aided by advanced neuroimaging, will clarify the functional significance of white matter in human behavior.