Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 18, 2026
09:57
Electromagnetic Source Imaging in Presurgical Evaluation of Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
Published on: September 20, 2024
Status epilepticus in childhood
1Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Oklahoma Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, United States. y-ng@ouhsc.edu
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
|September 15, 2012
Summary
Status epilepticus (SE) is a dangerous neurological emergency affecting children and adults. This review covers diagnosis, pediatric febrile SE, and treatments for refractory cases, including medically induced coma.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatric Neurology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Status epilepticus (SE) is a critical neurological condition impacting both pediatric and adult populations.
- Febrile SE is a primary cause in children, contrasting with adults where other symptomatic origins are more prevalent.
- SE can manifest at the onset of epilepsy, particularly in pediatric cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the diagnostic workup for SE, including neuroimaging and electroencephalography (EEG).
- To review EEG patterns, out-of-hospital management, and treatment strategies for refractory SE in children.
- To explore advanced treatments like medically induced coma and neurosurgery for refractory SE.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of diagnostic and treatment modalities for status epilepticus.
- Discussion of electroencephalographic findings and their interpretation in SE.
- Analysis of current and potential therapeutic interventions for refractory SE.
Main Results:
- Aetiological workup universally requires neuroimaging and EEG.
- Refractory SE may necessitate medically induced coma, though optimal parameters in children are not well-defined.
- Neurosurgery is an underutilized option for refractory SE cases.
Conclusions:
- Status epilepticus is a life-threatening emergency with potentially improved but still guarded prognosis.
- Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and tailored treatment strategies are crucial for managing SE.
- Further research is needed to clarify optimal treatments for refractory SE, especially in pediatric populations.
More Related Videos
10:22Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
Published on: December 6, 2016
08:43Long-term Continuous EEG Monitoring in Small Rodent Models of Human Disease Using the Epoch Wireless Transmitter System
Published on: July 21, 2015
Related Concept Videos
01:22Epilepsy ll: Types
Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
01:13Seizures: Classification
Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
01:20Seizures l: Introduction
Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
01:24Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
01:19Seizures ll: Types
Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...
01:30Electroconvulsive Therapy
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early years,...