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Related Concept Videos

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...

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Related Experiment Video

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Virus Delivery of CRISPR Guides to the Murine Prostate for Gene Alteration
06:21

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Published on: April 27, 2018

Prostate cancer: germline prediction for a commonly variable malignancy.

Richard M Bambury1, David J Gallagher

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital and St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. richardbambury@me.com

BJU International
|September 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Germline genetic variations offer potential biomarkers for prostate cancer screening, prevention, and treatment selection. This review explores their role in personalizing prostate cancer care and clinical trial design.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Oncology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease requiring tailored screening, prevention, and treatment strategies.
  • Germline genetic variations, including rare mutations (e.g., BRCA1, BRCA2, HOXB13) and common variations identified by GWAS, influence prostate cancer risk and behavior.
  • Current understanding explains approximately 20% of familial prostate cancer risk through genetic variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of germline genetic variation as biomarkers for prostate cancer.
  • To explore the role of germline genetics in tailoring screening, prevention, and therapeutic strategies.
  • To examine the inclusion of germline genetic biomarkers in future prostate cancer clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of published literature on germline genetics in prostate cancer.
  • Examination of the potential for germline genetic biomarkers in clinical trial design.

Main Results:

  • Rare mutations in specific genes impact prostate cancer incidence and clinical behavior.
  • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified common genetic variations contributing to familial prostate cancer risk.
  • Germline genetics may aid in treatment selection through pharmacogenetic predictors of efficacy and toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • The emerging field of germline genetics in prostate cancer holds promise for addressing current clinical challenges.
  • Incorporating germline investigations into future clinical trials is a viable strategy for advancing personalized prostate cancer care.