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Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
04:32

Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Published on: June 28, 2018

Clinical and microbiological characterization of pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients

Manuel Medell1, Marcia Hart, Odalys Marrero

  • 1Microbiology Department, Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital, Havana, Cuba.

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
|September 15, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia (MVAP) is a significant issue, often caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Treatment challenges persist due to high antibiotic resistance rates.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Mechanical ventilation is crucial for critically ill patients but carries risks.
  • Mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia (MVAP) is a common and serious complication in intensive care units.
  • Understanding the causative agents and resistance patterns of MVAP is vital for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical and microbiological features of MVAP.
  • To identify the primary bacterial pathogens responsible for MVAP.
  • To assess the antibiotic resistance profiles of isolated microorganisms.

Main Methods:

  • An observational descriptive study was conducted on 61 ventilated patients.
  • Data collected included clinical scores and microbiological cultures.
  • Bacterial isolates were identified, and their antibiotic susceptibility was determined.

Main Results:

  • Pulmonary infiltrates were observed in 83.60% of patients.
  • Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most frequently isolated bacteria.
  • These pathogens exhibited high resistance to common antibiotics, with carbapenems frequently used.

Conclusions:

  • MVAP remains a relevant medical problem, with findings consistent with existing literature.
  • Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are key pathogens, showing increased antibiotic resistance.
  • Previous antimicrobial treatment is a risk factor for multidrug-resistant strains; colistin demonstrated effectiveness.

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