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The Forced Swim Test as a Model of Depressive-like Behavior
Published on: March 2, 2015
Citalopram- and escitalopram-induced symptomatic hyponatremia
Elisabet Juncà Creus1, Mònica Recasens Sala, Wifredo Ricart Ángel
1Servicio de Diabetes, Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Universitario de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta. Girona. España.
Abstract:
We report the cases of 2 patients who developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) after initiating therapy with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, citalopram and escitalopram. Both the patients were women, aged 65 and 81 years old. The first consulted for headache, nausea and vomiting and the second for asthenia and malaise. Both were under treatment for depression with citalopram (20 mg/day) and escitalopram (10 mg/day), respectively. We review the literature on SIADH induced by citalopram and escitalopram and the pathophysiological mechanisms of this syndrome.
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Ionic Bonds
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
