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Related Concept Videos

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)01:08

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI is an ionization technique, widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix...
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...

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Updated: May 18, 2026

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics
14:18

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

Published on: May 27, 2014

Quantitative approach for small molecules using laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry.

Toshihide Maki1

  • 1Center for Industry, University and Government Cooperation, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan. maki@nagasaki-u.ac.jp

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
|September 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) advances are reviewed, focusing on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for high-throughput biological screening. Improvements include binary matrices, self-assembled monolayers (SAMDI-MS), and molecular labeling for enhanced LDI-MS applications.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics
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Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
06:21

Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 12, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) is crucial for analyzing biological events.
  • Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) offers high-throughput potential but faces quantitative challenges.
  • Existing LDI-MS techniques require refinement for broader applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in quantitative LDI-MS.
  • To highlight methods enhancing MALDI-MS utility for biological screening and monitoring.
  • To explore novel approaches for selective molecule detection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of quantitative approaches in LDI-MS.
  • Discussion of matrix optimization using binary systems for MALDI-MS.
  • Exploration of self-assembled monolayer for MALDI-MS (SAMDI-MS) applications.
  • Introduction of molecular labeling strategies for LDI-MS.

Main Results:

  • Binary matrix systems improve MALDI-MS uniformity and quantitative performance.
  • Self-assembled monolayer for MALDI-MS (SAMDI-MS) provides a sensitive platform for screening and surface science.
  • Molecular labeling enables selective detection of target molecules in LDI-MS.
  • MALDI-MS shows significant potential for high-throughput biological analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative LDI-MS, particularly MALDI-MS, is rapidly evolving with practical improvements.
  • SAMDI-MS and molecular labeling offer versatile tools for biological and surface analysis.
  • Continued development of LDI-MS techniques will expand their role in high-throughput screening and sensitive detection.