Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 18, 2026
08:11
Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.
Published on: September 1, 2015
Interactions between HIV-1 and innate immunity in dendritic cells
Aymeric Silvin1, Nicolas Manel
1Department of Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie-INSERM U932, Paris, France.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|September 15, 2012
Summary
Dendritic cells use innate receptors to sense pathogens like HIV-1. These interactions shape the body's adaptive immune response to the virus.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for initiating immune responses.
- Pathogen recognition by DCs involves germline-encoded innate receptors.
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) interacts with the innate immune system within DCs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the interactions between HIV-1 and the innate immune system in dendritic cells.
- To understand how these interactions influence immune responses.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on DC-pathogen interactions.
- Analysis of the HIV-1 replication cycle in relation to DC sensing mechanisms.
Main Results:
- HIV-1 interacts with dendritic cells through both extracellular and intracellular phases.
- Distinct dendritic cell types exhibit specific innate responses to HIV-1.
- Innate immune interactions within DCs can modulate the subsequent adaptive immune response.
Conclusions:
- Dendritic cells play a central role in sensing HIV-1 via innate receptors.
- The type of dendritic cell influences the nature of the innate response to HIV-1.
- Innate interactions with HIV-1 in dendritic cells are critical for shaping adaptive immunity against the virus.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
01:26Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
01:22T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Overview
01:27Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
01:28Cells of the Innate Immune Response
The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...