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Related Concept Videos

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport01:16

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport

Lymphatic vessels, known as lymphatics, are crucial in transporting lymph from peripheral tissues to our venous system. This process begins with lymph entering through tiny capillaries that branch through tissues. These capillaries have unique features such as larger diameters, thinner walls, and a distinctive one-way valve system formed by overlapping endothelial cells.
This one-way system allows fluids, solutes, and even pathogens to enter but prevents their return to the intercellular spaces.
Development of the Lymphatic System01:15

Development of the Lymphatic System

The development of lymphatic tissues and vessels in embryonic life begins around the fifth week. These structures originate from the mesoderm layer, with lymph sacs emerging from developing veins.
The first lymph sacs to form are the paired jugular lymph sacs located at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. From these sacs, lymphatic capillary plexuses extend to the thorax, upper limbs, neck, and head, eventually forming lymphatic vessels. Each jugular lymph sac maintains a...
Anastomoses01:19

Anastomoses

In human anatomy, anastomosis refers to a connection or opening between two things, particularly between blood vessels or other tubular structures. The term is derived from the Greek term 'anastomosis,' which means 'outlet' or 'opening.' This natural network of connections plays a critical role in the survival and functionality of the human body.
Anastomoses can be formed at arterial, venous, and lymphatic vessels.
Arterial Anastomosis: These occur between arteries. They are most common in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Re-Arterialized Rat Partial Liver Transplantation with an in vivo Vessel-Oriented 70% Hepatectomy
14:52

Re-Arterialized Rat Partial Liver Transplantation with an in vivo Vessel-Oriented 70% Hepatectomy

Published on: April 8, 2018

A modified side-to-end lymphaticovenular anastomosis.

Takumi Yamamoto1, Hidehiko Yoshimatsu, Mitsunaga Narushima

  • 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. tyamamoto-tky@umin.ac.jp

Microsurgery
|September 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A modified side-to-end lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) simplifies lymphedema surgery. This technique effectively diverts lymph flow, reducing lower extremity lymphedema without supermicrosurgery.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Re-Arterialized Rat Partial Liver Transplantation with an in vivo Vessel-Oriented 70% Hepatectomy
14:52

Re-Arterialized Rat Partial Liver Transplantation with an in vivo Vessel-Oriented 70% Hepatectomy

Published on: April 8, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Lymphedema Management
  • Microsurgery

Background:

  • Lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) is a minimally invasive treatment for lymphedema.
  • Standard LVA requires supermicrosurgery for small lymphatic vessels (≤0.5 mm diameter).
  • A modified side-to-end (S-E) anastomosis technique was developed to simplify LVA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a modified S-E anastomosis for lower extremity lymphedema (LEL).
  • To determine if this modified technique can avoid supermicrosurgical sutures.

Main Methods:

  • Modified S-E LVAs were performed on 14 limbs in patients with LEL.
  • Lateral windows were created on lymphatic vessels and veins for side-to-side anastomosis using 10-0 continuous suture.
  • Distal vein ligation was performed to prevent backflow and thrombosis; LEL index measured outcomes.

Main Results:

  • All 24 modified S-E anastomoses were successfully completed without revisions and demonstrated good patency.
  • Postoperative LEL indices significantly decreased compared to preoperative values (255.9 ± 14.1 vs. 274.9 ± 22.2, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Modified S-E LVA is an effective method for treating LEL.
  • This technique successfully diverts lymph flow into venous circulation.
  • The modified approach avoids the need for supermicrosurgical anastomosis.