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Related Concept Videos

Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals01:27

Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals

Lattice energy represents the energy released when gaseous cations and anions combine to form an ionic solid, reflecting the strength of electrostatic interactions within the crystal. This process is fundamentally governed by Coulombic attraction between oppositely charged ions, where the potential energy varies inversely with the interionic distance and directly with the product of ionic charges. As ions approach one another, the electrostatic energy becomes increasingly negative, indicating a...
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

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Lattice dynamics through the structural phase transition in D-amphetamine sulfate.

Iwona Olejniczak1, Katarzyna Pogorzelec-Glaser

  • 1Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179 Poznań, Poland. olejniczak@ifmpan.poznan.pl

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
|September 18, 2012
PubMed
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Polarized infrared and Raman spectroscopy revealed distinct changes in D-amphetamine sulfate

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Vibrational spectroscopy
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • D-amphetamine sulfate undergoes a structural phase transition.
  • Understanding this transition is crucial for its material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural phase transition of single-crystalline D-amphetamine sulfate using polarized infrared and Raman spectroscopy.
  • To identify and assign infrared and Raman-active modes and their temperature dependence.

Main Methods:

  • Polarized infrared and Raman spectroscopy.
  • Temperature-dependent spectral analysis.
  • Crystallographic analysis of unit cell changes.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant signatures of the phase transition in infrared modes of both D-amphetamine and sulfate ions.
  • Identified changes in unit cell structures between low- and high-temperature phases.
  • Detected pronounced hysteresis in vibrational mode parameters between 333-338 K, narrower than previously reported.

Conclusions:

  • Vibrational spectroscopy effectively probes the structural phase transition in D-amphetamine sulfate.
  • The observed hysteresis provides insights into the dynamics of the phase transition.
  • The findings offer a detailed understanding of the temperature-dependent structural changes.