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The effect of gentamicin on the corneal endothelium. An experimental study
G Petroutsos1, M Savoldelli, Y Pouliquen
1Laboratoire d'Ophthalmologie, Unite INSERM 86, Paris, France.
Abstract:
Gentamicin sulfate with preservatives was injected into the anterior chamber of a rabbit eye to evaluate its effect on the corneal endothelium. Endothelial toxicity was evaluated by contact specular microscopy and transmission electron microscopy 48 h after injection. The results suggest that doses ranging from 100 to 400 micrograms of gentamicin are not toxic to the corneal endothelium. Endothelial toxicity occurred when 1,000 micrograms of gentamicin was injected.
Insights
Gentamicin sulfate up to 400 micrograms is safe for rabbit corneal endothelium. Higher doses of 1,000 micrograms caused endothelial toxicity, indicating a dose-dependent effect.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Toxicology
- Corneal Science
Background:
- The corneal endothelium is crucial for maintaining corneal clarity.
- Gentamicin is a widely used antibiotic, but its intraocular safety profile requires careful evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the toxic effects of gentamicin sulfate on the corneal endothelium in a rabbit model.
- To determine the threshold dose for gentamicin-induced corneal endothelial toxicity.
Main Methods:
- Anterior chamber injections of varying gentamicin sulfate doses (100-1000 micrograms) in rabbit eyes.
- Evaluation of corneal endothelium using contact specular microscopy and transmission electron microscopy 48 hours post-injection.
Main Results:
- Gentamicin sulfate doses from 100 to 400 micrograms showed no significant toxicity to the corneal endothelium.
- A dose of 1,000 micrograms of gentamicin sulfate resulted in observable endothelial toxicity.
Conclusions:
- Gentamicin sulfate at doses up to 400 micrograms appears safe for the corneal endothelium in rabbits.
- Higher concentrations of gentamicin sulfate (1,000 micrograms) can induce corneal endothelial damage.