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Distraction osteogenesis for correcting maxillo-mandibular deformities.

Syed Gulzar Ali Bukhari1, Waseem Ahmed, Omer Sefvan Janjua

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|September 18, 2012
PubMed
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Distraction osteogenesis effectively corrects various maxillofacial deformities in patients of all ages. This surgical technique, distraction osteogenesis (DO), offers satisfactory results for conditions like retrognathia and facial asymmetry.

Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Orthognathic Surgery
  • Craniofacial Reconstruction

Background:

  • Maxillofacial deformities present significant challenges in treatment planning and surgical correction.
  • Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is an emerging technique for bone lengthening and reconstruction in the craniofacial skeleton.
  • This study evaluates the efficacy of DO in a diverse group of patients with maxillofacial abnormalities.

Observation:

  • Seven patients (3 male, 4 female; age 2-24 years) with varied maxillofacial deformities underwent DO.
  • Deformities included temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis (5 cases), congenital micrognathia (1 case), and skeletal class-III malocclusion (1 case).
  • Intraoral distractors were utilized for mandibular DO (5 cases), maxillary DO (1 case), and simultaneous maxillo-mandibular DO (1 case).

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Findings:

  • Successful bone lengthening was achieved, with distraction amounts ranging from 9.0 mm to 19.2 mm (mean 15.04 mm).
  • Patients experienced satisfactory correction of their respective maxillofacial deformities.
  • Mean follow-up duration was 18.14 months, indicating sustained positive outcomes.

Implications:

  • Distraction osteogenesis is a viable and effective surgical modality for correcting a spectrum of maxillofacial deformities.
  • The technique demonstrates versatility in addressing conditions such as retrognathia, facial asymmetry, and skeletal class-III malocclusion.
  • DO offers a valuable treatment option for improving both functional and aesthetic outcomes in patients with craniofacial abnormalities.