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Updated: May 18, 2026

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Published on: April 9, 2012

Active case finding for pulmonary tuberculosis using mobile digital chest radiography: an observational study.

A Story¹, R W Aldridge, I Abubakar

¹Find and Treat, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

|September 18, 2012

Summary

Mobile digital chest radiography (CXR) effectively screens for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in high-risk groups. Actively identified PTB cases showed lower odds of smear positivity compared to passively detected individuals.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Published on: April 9, 2012

Area of Science:

Public Health
Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Radiological Screening

Background:

Mobile digital chest radiography (CXR) is a routine screening tool for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in vulnerable London populations.
Target populations include homeless individuals, those in drug treatment services, and prisoners.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the sensitivity and specificity of mobile digital CXR for PTB detection.
To assess if actively identified PTB cases have lower odds of sputum smear positivity than passively identified cases.

Main Methods:

Sensitivity and specificity calculated against culture-confirmed PTB cases.
Logistic regression used to compare smear positivity between active and passive case detection, adjusting for confounders.

Main Results:

Mobile digital CXR demonstrated high sensitivity (81.8%) and specificity (99.2%).
Actively identified PTB cases had significantly reduced odds of being smear-positive (OR 0.34, P=0.022) after adjustment.

Conclusions:

Mobile digital CXR is a sensitive and specific tool in operational settings.
Targeted mobile screening can identify PTB cases early, potentially reducing onward transmission.