Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Pituitary Gland01:17

The Pituitary Gland

The pituitary is a small endocrine organ in the sphenoid bone under the hypothalamus. Primarily, the pituitary in adults has two distinct anatomical and functional regions— the anterior and posterior lobes. During human fetal development, a third pituitary gland region called the pars intermedia atrophies and disappears. However, some of its cells migrate and exist adjacent to the anterior pituitary in adults.
Hormones of the Pituitary Gland01:27

Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...
Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination01:23

Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination

The hypothalamus is a small yet highly complex and essential brain region that plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. Anatomically, it is located at the base of the brain, just above the brainstem and below the thalamus, forming part of the limbic system.
The hypothalamus interacts with other brain regions, including the pituitary gland, through a direct physical connection called the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus receives somatic and visceral inputs and...
Structures of the Endocrine System00:59

Structures of the Endocrine System

The intricate framework of the endocrine system encompasses a diverse array of glands, with their target tissues and organs strategically distributed throughout the body. Central to this network are the endocrine glands, specialized structures that lack ducts and release hormones directly into the interstitial fluid. Notably, the hypothalamus, a vital neuroendocrine organ situated in the brain, governs neural functions and serves as a potent source of hormonal regulation. Near the hypothalamus...
Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla01:27

Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla

The sympathetic pathways of the collateral ganglia and adrenal medulla serve unique but interconnected roles in the sympathetic response.
Collateral Ganglia
Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.
The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...
Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Real-life PI-RADS score and biochemical recurrence after local treatment of prostate cancer in Afro-Caribbean men.

The French journal of urology·2026
Same author

Representation of geriatric oncology in cancer care guidelines in Europe: a scoping review by the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG).

ESMO open·2025
Same author

[Ocular toxoplasmosis].

Journal francais d'ophtalmologie·2024
Same author

Metabolic syndrome and the phenotype of multiple sclerosis.

Revue neurologique·2024
Same author

Paradoxical joint and muscle pain in a patient treated with anifrolumab and belimumab.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2023
Same author

Atrial fibrillation detection with long-term continuous Holter ECG recording in patients with high cardiovascular risk and clinical palpitations: the prospective after study.

Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society·2022
Same journal

Neuroendocrine mechanisms of stress-induced KNDy-GnRH pulse generator suppression: Linking HPA-axis activation to female reproductive dysfunction.

Frontiers in neuroendocrinology·2026
Same journal

Aging-related autonomic nervous system imbalance and adrenergic regulation of immunity: Implications for inflammaging, autoimmunity, and long COVID.

Frontiers in neuroendocrinology·2026
Same journal

Neuroactive steroids as targets of micro- and nano-plastics: Putative impact on brain function and disease.

Frontiers in neuroendocrinology·2026
Same journal

Systems neuroendocrinology in ME/CFS and long COVID: a chronobiological framework for hormone-based research.

Frontiers in neuroendocrinology·2026
Same journal

N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits interacting with regulators mediate neuropathic pain: from mechanisms to therapy.

Frontiers in neuroendocrinology·2026
Same journal

Mechanisms of photoperiodic polyphenism in vertebrates.

Frontiers in neuroendocrinology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Development of Organoids from Mouse Pituitary as In Vitro Model to Explore Pituitary Stem Cell Biology
09:48

Development of Organoids from Mouse Pituitary as In Vitro Model to Explore Pituitary Stem Cell Biology

Published on: February 25, 2022

Anterior pituitary cell networks.

P R Le Tissier1, D J Hodson, C Lafont

  • 1Division of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom; pletiss@nimr.mrc.ac.uk

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
|September 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The pituitary gland

More Related Videos

Dissection and Coronal Slice Preparation of Developing Mouse Pituitary Gland
06:53

Dissection and Coronal Slice Preparation of Developing Mouse Pituitary Gland

Published on: November 16, 2017

Isolation of Targeted Hypothalamic Neurons for Studies of Hormonal, Metabolic, and Electrical Regulation
09:29

Isolation of Targeted Hypothalamic Neurons for Studies of Hormonal, Metabolic, and Electrical Regulation

Published on: August 4, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Development of Organoids from Mouse Pituitary as In Vitro Model to Explore Pituitary Stem Cell Biology
09:48

Development of Organoids from Mouse Pituitary as In Vitro Model to Explore Pituitary Stem Cell Biology

Published on: February 25, 2022

Dissection and Coronal Slice Preparation of Developing Mouse Pituitary Gland
06:53

Dissection and Coronal Slice Preparation of Developing Mouse Pituitary Gland

Published on: November 16, 2017

Isolation of Targeted Hypothalamic Neurons for Studies of Hormonal, Metabolic, and Electrical Regulation
09:29

Isolation of Targeted Hypothalamic Neurons for Studies of Hormonal, Metabolic, and Electrical Regulation

Published on: August 4, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Pituitary gland cells form complex networks.
  • These networks are established during development and can change over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural and functional organization of pituitary cell networks.
  • To understand how cell organization influences pituitary hormone secretion and adaptability.

Main Methods:

  • Structural mapping of endocrine cell types.
  • Functional characterization of growth hormone and prolactin cell networks.

Main Results:

  • Identified distinct network motifs and vasculature relationships in the pituitary.
  • Demonstrated that cell organization impacts gene regulation and hormone output plasticity.
  • Revealed the pituitary's capacity to 'memorize' altered hormonal demands.

Conclusions:

  • Pituitary cell networks are dynamic and adaptable, not just responsive.
  • The pituitary functions as an 'oscillator' that integrates and remembers hypothalamic inputs.
  • Cellular organization is key to the pituitary's adaptive hormonal regulation.