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Related Concept Videos

The Fossil Record02:56

The Fossil Record

The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
What is Evolutionary History?02:35

What is Evolutionary History?

Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.
The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
Speciation Rates01:07

Speciation Rates

Overview
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...

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Resurrection of Dormant Daphnia magna: Protocol and Applications
07:37

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Published on: January 19, 2018

The reconstructed evolutionary process with the fossil record.

Gilles Didier1, Manuela Royer-Carenzi, Michel Laurin

  • 1Institut de Mathématiques de Luminy, FRE 3529, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Case 907, Campus de Luminy, 13288 MARSEILLE Cedex 9, France. gilles.didier@univ-amu.fr

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|September 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Incorporating the fossil record into phylogenetic reconstructions significantly improves estimates of speciation and extinction rates. This study introduces a model that includes fossil finds, enhancing evolutionary process understanding.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Paleontology
  • Computational phylogenetics

Background:

  • Phylogenetic reconstructions traditionally rely on extant species, potentially limiting accuracy.
  • Understanding evolutionary dynamics requires accurate estimation of speciation and extinction events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stochastic model incorporating fossil data into phylogenetic analysis.
  • To derive a likelihood formula for phylogenies that include fossil occurrences.
  • To evaluate the accuracy of evolutionary rate estimations using fossil data.

Main Methods:

  • Stochastic process modeling of speciation, extinction, and fossilization.
  • Derivation of an explicit likelihood formula for phylogenies with fossils.
  • Comparative simulation study evaluating rate estimation accuracy.

Main Results:

  • The proposed model accurately estimates speciation and extinction rates.
  • Phylogenetic reconstructions including fossil data yield more accurate rate estimates.
  • Estimates based solely on extant lineages are less precise.

Conclusions:

  • The fossil record provides crucial information for robust phylogenetic inference.
  • Integrating fossil data enhances the accuracy of estimating key macroevolutionary parameters.
  • This approach offers a more comprehensive view of evolutionary history.