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Updated: May 18, 2026

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction (PPI) Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: November 14, 2017
Association between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and the risk of multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis of 6977
Yan-Wei Yin1, Yun-Dong Zhang, Jing-Zhou Wang
1Department of Neurology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
Abstract:
Epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. However, the results remain conflicting. Therefore, in order to derive a more precise association of ApoE gene polymorphism with MS risk, we performed this meta-analysis. Systematic searches of electronic databases PubMed, Embase and Web of Science, as well as hand searching of the references of identified articles were performed. Twenty studies were identified, covering a total of 4080 MS cases and 2897 controls. The results showed evidence for significant association between ApoE ε2 mutation and MS risk (for ε2/ε4 versus ε3/ε3: OR=1.74, 95% CI=1.12-2.71, p=0.01; for ε2 allele versus ε3 allele: OR=1.16, 95% CI=1.01-1.35, p=0.04). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the similar results were obtained among Europeans (for ε2/ε4 versus ε3/ε3: OR=1.81, 95% CI=1.14-2.87, p=0.01; for ε2 allele versus ε3 allele: OR=1.19, 95% CI=1.02-1.38, p=0.03). After excluding the outlier studies by observing Galbraith plot, marginal association was found between ApoE ε3/ε4 genotype and the protective factor for MS (for ε3/ε4 versus ε3/ε3: OR=0.86, 95% CI=0.75-0.99, p=0.04). In summary, the present meta-analysis provides evidence that ApoE ε2 mutation is associated with MS risk. In addition, ApoE ε3/ε4 genotype appears to be a protective factor for MS.
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