Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Primary Production01:06

Primary Production

25.2K
The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
25.2K
Primary Active Transport01:47

Primary Active Transport

197.5K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
197.5K
Primary Active Transport01:29

Primary Active Transport

13.8K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would...
13.8K
Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots03:02

Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots

60.3K
Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
60.3K
Primary Distribution01:28

Primary Distribution

537
Primary distribution systems deliver electrical power from substations to consumers through various voltage classes, with 15-kV class voltages being predominant among U.S. utilities. Older 2.5- and 5-kV classes are being replaced by 15-kV primaries, while higher 25- to 34.5-kV classes are used in high-density urban areas and rural regions with long feeders. Three-phase, four-wire multigrounded systems are widely employed for balanced power delivery, using the neutral wire as a grounding point.
537
Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

14.9K
Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
14.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bacterial specificity of the gut microbiome predicts bone density in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Bone research·2026
Same author

Clinical profile, treatment practices, and complications in chronic hypoparathyroidism in a Middle Eastern cohort.

Journal of the Endocrine Society·2026
Same author

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (JBMR) 40th anniversary celebration the third decade (part 1).

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·2026
Same author

Vitamin D in Gut and Systemic Immune Tolerance and in Infections' Risk: An International Evidence-Based Consensus Statement.

Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders·2026
Same author

Treatment of hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT): Position Statement of the Expert Group for Polish Society of Endocrinology - update 2026.

Endokrynologia Polska·2026
Same author

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (JBMR) 40th anniversary celebration: the beginning and first decade.

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·2026
Same journal

Tirzepatide versus conventional GLP-1 receptor agonists for treatment simplification in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a real-world study.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·2026
Same journal

Risk-stratification of pediatric thyroid nodules using ATA and ACR TIRADS adult thyroid nodule scoring systems.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·2026
Same journal

Effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors combination therapy in type 2 diabetes: a real world experience.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·2026
Same journal

North American Society for Interventional Thyroidology (NASIT) Statement on Directed Ablative Therapy for the Management of of Low Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·2026
Same journal

Lower Cutoffs Improve the Diagnostic Performance of DDAVP-Stimulated Bilateral Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling for Cushing Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·2026
Same journal

Efficacy of Initiation of Semaglutide versus SGLT2 inhibitors in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): A Multicenter Propensity-Matched Real-World Study.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence
08:07

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

Published on: May 15, 2020

11.8K

Primary hyperparathyroidism.

John P Bilezikian1

  • 1Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA. jpb2@columbia.edu

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|September 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary hyperparathyroidism diagnosis is evolving, with normocalcemic cases gaining attention. Skeletal and renal health primarily guide surgical decisions for this endocrine disorder.

More Related Videos

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
08:09

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Published on: January 7, 2019

12.0K
Using Primary Neurosphere Cultures to Study Primary Cilia
08:14

Using Primary Neurosphere Cultures to Study Primary Cilia

Published on: April 14, 2017

9.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence
08:07

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

Published on: May 15, 2020

11.8K
Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
08:09

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Published on: January 7, 2019

12.0K
Using Primary Neurosphere Cultures to Study Primary Cilia
08:14

Using Primary Neurosphere Cultures to Study Primary Cilia

Published on: April 14, 2017

9.7K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder.
  • Its clinical presentation is evolving, with increasing recognition of normocalcemic PHPT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).
  • To discuss key issues relevant to practicing endocrinologists.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the latest information on PHPT presentation, diagnosis, and management.
  • Evaluation of traditional and nontraditional aspects of the disorder.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis is straightforward in typical hypercalcemic patients with elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH).
  • Normocalcemic PHPT with elevated PTH is increasingly identified.
  • Skeletal and renal manifestations are key factors in surgical decision-making.
  • Neurocognitive and cardiovascular aspects require further research for surgical guidance.

Conclusions:

  • PHPT's clinical profile is changing, with normocalcemic PHPT being a significant area of interest.
  • Skeletal and renal features predominantly influence surgical recommendations.
  • Conservative management with monitoring is appropriate for patients not meeting surgical criteria.