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Evolutionary conservation of the ribosomal biogenesis factor Rbm19/Mrd1: implications for function
Yvonne Kallberg1, Åsa Segerstolpe, Fredrik Lackmann
1Bioinformatics Infrastructure for Life Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Plos One
|September 18, 2012
Summary
The Rbm19/Mrd1 protein, crucial for ribosome biogenesis, evolved early in eukaryotes as a multi-RNA-binding domain (RBD) structure. Its modular design and conserved features, particularly in RBD6, are essential for function.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Evolutionary Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Ribosome biogenesis is a complex process involving pre-ribosomal RNA (rRNA) folding and assembly with proteins.
- Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and associated proteins are critical for these intricate steps.
- Rbm19/Mrd1 is a protein characterized by multiple RNA-binding domains (RBDs) involved in ribosome biogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the evolutionary history and structural-functional relationships of the Rbm19/Mrd1 protein across eukaryotes.
- To understand the conserved features and modular design of Rbm19/Mrd1's RNA-binding domains (RBDs).
- To identify key functional regions within Rbm19/Mrd1 through evolutionary and experimental analysis.
Main Methods:
- Phylogenetic analysis of Rbm19/Mrd1 across eukaryotic lineages.
- Bioinformatic analysis of conserved domains, linkers, and RNA-binding properties.
- In vivo mutational analysis of specific Rbm19/Mrd1 domains.
Main Results:
- Rbm19/Mrd1, a multi-RBD protein, is conserved across eukaryotes, with variations in RBD number (4-6) observed in different lineages (Microsporidia, animals, Choanoflagellates).
- Conserved properties of RBDs and linkers suggest a functionally important modular design, with specific consensus sequences and relative positioning.
- A highly conserved loop in the 5-β4-strand of RBD6 was identified as essential for Rbm19/Mrd1 function.
Conclusions:
- Rbm19/Mrd1 evolved as a multi-RBD protein early in eukaryotic evolution, highlighting its fundamental role in ribosome biogenesis.
- The conserved modular structure of Rbm19/Mrd1, including specific RBDs and linkers, is critical for its function.
- Experimental validation confirms the importance of conserved structural elements, like RBD6, for Rbm19/Mrd1's role in cellular processes.
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