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Related Concept Videos

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become anucleated and die, but their...
Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis01:16

Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis

Necrosis is a form of irreversible cell death caused by severe injury such as ischemia, toxins, or trauma. Unlike programmed cell death, it is an uncontrolled, pathological process that typically provokes inflammation in surrounding tissues.Pathophysiologic ChangesNecrosis begins when cells sustain critical damage, leading to swelling of organelles, particularly mitochondria, and rapid ATP depletion. As energy levels decline, membrane ion pumps fail, leading to calcium influx and eventually,...
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4
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Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

Published on: August 21, 2017

[Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy].

Levente Bodoki1, Melinda Vincze, Tibor Hortobágyi

  • 1Debreceni Egyetem, Belgyógyászati Klinika, Klinikai Immunológiai Tanszék Debrecen. bodoki.levente@gmail.com

Orvosi Hetilap
|September 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy is a rare autoimmune disease causing muscle weakness. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing this condition effectively.

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Immunolabelling Myofiber Degeneration in Muscle Biopsies
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Immunolabelling Myofiber Degeneration in Muscle Biopsies

Published on: December 5, 2019

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4
09:29

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

Published on: August 21, 2017

Immunolabelling Myofiber Degeneration in Muscle Biopsies
06:37

Immunolabelling Myofiber Degeneration in Muscle Biopsies

Published on: December 5, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Neurology
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies represent a group of systemic autoimmune disorders.
  • Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (NAM) is an emerging subgroup within these myopathies.
  • NAM is increasingly recognized as a distinct clinical entity.

Purpose:

  • This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of necrotizing autoimmune myopathy.
  • The objective is to highlight the key diagnostic features and management strategies for this rare condition.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment.

Summary:

  • Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy presents with symmetrical proximal muscle weakness.
  • Characteristic findings include elevated creatine kinase levels, a myopathic pattern on electromyography, and myocyte necrosis with minimal inflammation.
  • This review details the diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approaches for NAM.

Impact:

  • Early identification and intervention in necrotizing autoimmune myopathy can lead to improved patient outcomes.
  • Understanding this rare condition aids clinicians in differentiating it from other myopathies.
  • This review contributes to the growing body of knowledge on autoimmune myopathies, facilitating better patient care.