Long-term jugular vein catheterization in horses

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Biomaterials Science
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Long-term venous access is crucial in equine medicine.
• Previous studies in humans demonstrated the safety of soft catheter materials for venous access.
• Evaluating catheter material biocompatibility is essential for minimizing complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the clinical and histologic outcomes of different catheter materials for long-term jugular vein catheterization in horses.
• To determine the optimal catheter material for extended venous access in equine patients.
• To assess the feasibility of catheterizing equine jugular veins for up to 30 days.

Main Methods:

• Horses underwent jugular vein catheterization for 14 days (Group 1) and 30 days (Group 2).
• Three catheter materials were evaluated: silastic, polyurethane, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
• Clinical assessments and histologic examinations were performed to evaluate tissue reactions.

Main Results:

• Silastic catheters exhibited the least tissue reaction, followed by polyurethane.
• Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) catheters induced a marked inflammatory response.
• Catheterization durations of 14 days or longer were achievable with minimal complications using less rigid materials.

Conclusions:

• Soft, less rigid catheter materials, particularly silastic, are associated with reduced complications for long-term equine venous access.
• Silastic and polyurethane catheters are suitable for extended jugular vein catheterization in horses.
• The choice of catheter material significantly impacts the success and safety of long-term venous access in equine patients.