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Related Concept Videos

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
Magnetism01:30

Magnetism

Magnets are commonly found in everyday objects, such as toys, hangers, elevators, doorbells, and computer devices. Experimentation on these magnets shows that all magnets have two poles: one is labeled north (N) and the other south (S). Magnetic poles repel if they are alike and attract if unlike. Moreover, both poles of a magnet attract unmagnetized pieces of iron.
An individual magnetic pole cannot be isolated. No matter how small, every piece of a magnet contains a north pole and a south...
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.

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Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
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Published on: July 20, 2022

Magnetoelectric interfaces and spin transport.

J D Burton1, E Y Tsymbal

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 68588-0299, USA.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|September 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Magnetoelectric interfaces offer new ways to control magnetism using electric fields. Ferromagnet-ferroelectric heterostructures show spin-dependent transport phenomena, enabling novel spintronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Magnetoelectric interfaces enable electric control of magnetic properties.
  • Ferromagnet-ferroelectric heterostructures are a key subset of these interfaces.
  • Utilizing the spin degree of freedom is crucial for advanced electronic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review electronically mediated control of magnetism in ferromagnet-ferroelectric heterostructures.
  • To emphasize detectable spin-dependent transport phenomena arising from these effects.
  • To discuss various material systems and theoretical/experimental results.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on magnetoelectric interfaces.
  • Focus on ferromagnet-ferroelectric heterostructures.
  • Analysis of spin-dependent transport phenomena.

Main Results:

  • Ferromagnet-ferroelectric heterostructures exhibit electronically mediated control of magnetism.
  • These effects manifest as observable spin-dependent transport phenomena.
  • Examples include ferroelectric oxides, complex oxides, and elemental ferromagnetic metals.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetoelectric interfaces, particularly ferromagnet-ferroelectric heterostructures, provide a viable route for electric control of magnetism.
  • Spin-dependent transport phenomena are key indicators of this control.
  • The findings are supported by diverse material systems and combined theoretical and experimental evidence.