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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

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Insights from the study of high-temperature interface superconductivity.

J Pereiro1, A T Bollinger, G Logvenov

  • 1Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|September 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Atomic-layer-by-layer molecular beam epitaxy (ALL-MBE) enabled studies of high-temperature interface superconductivity. This technique revealed the thinnest superconductor and clarified the electronic origins of superconductivity in cuprates.

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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • High-temperature superconductivity remains a significant challenge in condensed matter physics.
  • Understanding interface superconductivity is crucial for developing novel superconducting materials.
  • Atomic-layer-by-layer molecular beam epitaxy (ALL-MBE) offers unique capabilities for studying surface and interface phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate high-temperature interface superconductivity using ALL-MBE.
  • To explore the fundamental mechanisms governing superconductivity at interfaces.
  • To elucidate the nature of the superconductor-insulator phase transition.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing atomic-layer-by-layer molecular beam epitaxy (ALL-MBE) for precise material synthesis.
  • Fabricating and characterizing ultrathin superconducting films, including single copper oxide layers.
  • Investigating charge transfer dynamics and their role in interface superconductivity.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated high-temperature superconductivity in a single copper oxide layer, the thinnest known superconductor.
  • Established that interface superconductivity in cuprates is an electronic effect driven by charge transfer, not cation diffusion.
  • Elucidated the superconductor-insulator phase transition as a function of doping.

Conclusions:

  • ALL-MBE is a powerful technique for advancing the understanding of interface superconductivity.
  • The electronic nature of interface superconductivity in cuprates has been clarified.
  • Outstanding questions remain regarding the mechanism of interfacial critical temperature enhancement.