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Related Concept Videos

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses01:22

Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses

Strain energy quantifies the energy stored within a material due to deformation under loading conditions, a fundamental concept in materials science and engineering. The strain energy can be modeled when a material is subjected to axial loading with uniformly distributed stress. In this scenario, the stress experienced by the material is the internal force divided by the cross-sectional area, and the strain induced is directly proportional to this stress through the modulus of elasticity.
If...
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and reloaded.
Strain and Elastic Modulus01:15

Strain and Elastic Modulus

The quantity that describes the deformation of a body under stress is known as strain. Strain is given as a fractional change in either length, volume, or geometry under tensile, volume (also known as bulk), or shear stress, respectively, and is a dimensionless quantity. The strain experienced by a body under tensile or compressive stress is called tensile or compressive strain, respectively. In contrast, the strain experienced under bulk stress and shear stress is known as volume and shear...
Flexural Stress01:16

Flexural Stress

When analyzing bending in symmetric members, it's crucial to understand how stresses distribute when subjected to bending moments. This stress distribution is effectively described by applying fundamental mechanics and material science principles, particularly Hooke's Law for elastic materials.
Hooke's Law states that within the material's elastic limits, stress is directly proportional to strain. In a member experiencing a bending moment, the strain at any point is relative to its distance...

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Updated: May 18, 2026

A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy
10:40

A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy

Published on: April 8, 2018

Giant flexoelectric effect through interfacial strain relaxation.

Daesu Lee1, Tae Won Noh

  • 1Research Center for Functional Interfaces, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Korea.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|September 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strain gradients in oxide thin films enable giant flexoelectric effects, generating strong electric fields. These effects significantly influence ferroelectric properties, opening avenues for novel applications.

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Applying Dynamic Strain on Thin Oxide Films Immobilized on a Pseudoelastic Nickel-Titanium Alloy
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Applying Dynamic Strain on Thin Oxide Films Immobilized on a Pseudoelastic Nickel-Titanium Alloy

Published on: July 28, 2020

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy
10:40

A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy

Published on: April 8, 2018

Applying Dynamic Strain on Thin Oxide Films Immobilized on a Pseudoelastic Nickel-Titanium Alloy
09:35

Applying Dynamic Strain on Thin Oxide Films Immobilized on a Pseudoelastic Nickel-Titanium Alloy

Published on: July 28, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Interfacial strain gradients in oxide epitaxial thin films are key to studying flexoelectric effects.
  • Oxide thin films exhibit flexoelectric effects significantly larger than bulk solids.
  • Strain gradients can induce substantial electric fields via flexoelectricity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the phenomenon of flexoelectricity in oxide epitaxial thin films.
  • To highlight the potential applications of giant flexoelectric effects.
  • To review experimental observations of flexoelectric effects on ferroelectric properties.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation of strain gradients in oxide epitaxial thin films.
  • Measurement of induced electric fields due to flexoelectricity.
  • Analysis of the impact of flexoelectric effects on ferroelectric properties.

Main Results:

  • Oxide epitaxial thin films demonstrate giant and tunable flexoelectric effects.
  • Strain gradients generate electric fields exceeding 1 MV m(-1) through flexoelectricity.
  • Significant influence of giant flexoelectric effects on ferroelectric properties observed.

Conclusions:

  • Flexoelectricity in oxide epitaxial thin films offers significant potential for applications.
  • The large electric fields generated are sufficient to modify film properties.
  • Recent experimental findings underscore the importance of flexoelectric effects in ferroelectrics.