Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Genetics of Speciation

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...

Speciation Rates

Speciation Rates

Global Climate Change

Global Climate Change

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.

Formation of Species

Formation of Species

Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.

Seedless Vascular Plants

Seedless Vascular Plants

Seedless Vascular Plants Were the First Tall Plants on Earth

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Gymnosperms.

Current biology : CB·2026

Same author

Statistical and Structural Bias in Birth-Death Models.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026

Same author

A Phylogenetic Model of Established and Enabled Biome Shifts.

Systematic biology·2026

Same author

Seventy-Five Years of Systematic Biology: Looking Back, Moving Forward.

Systematic biology·2025

Same author

Longevity in plants impacts phylogenetic and population dynamics.

The New phytologist·2025

Same author

Longevity in plants impacts phylogenetic and population dynamics.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Reconstructing Terrestrial Paleoclimate and Paleoecology with Fossil Leaves Using Digital Leaf Physiognomy and Leaf Mass Per Area

Reconstructing Terrestrial Paleoclimate and Paleoecology with Fossil Leaves Using Digital Leaf Physiognomy and Leaf Mass Per Area

Published on: October 25, 2024

Hemisphere-scale differences in conifer evolutionary dynamics.

Andrew B Leslie¹, Jeremy M Beaulieu, Hardeep S Rai

¹School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. andrew.leslie@yale.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|September 19, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Conifer evolutionary history reveals distinct diversification patterns between Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Southern Hemisphere conifer lineages are older, while Northern Hemisphere lineages show higher species turnover, impacting global biodiversity.

More Related Videos

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Reconstructing Terrestrial Paleoclimate and Paleoecology with Fossil Leaves Using Digital Leaf Physiognomy and Leaf Mass Per Area

Reconstructing Terrestrial Paleoclimate and Paleoecology with Fossil Leaves Using Digital Leaf Physiognomy and Leaf Mass Per Area

Published on: October 25, 2024

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

Area of Science:

Evolutionary Biology
Paleobotany
Biodiversity Science

Background:

Hemispheric differences in landmass and ocean distribution may influence biodiversity.
Conifer evolutionary history offers insights due to distinct Northern and Southern Hemisphere lineages.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate hemispheric differences in conifer diversification.
To correlate evolutionary patterns with geographic distribution and climate.

Main Methods:

Constructed an age-calibrated phylogeny of extant conifer species (~80% sampled).
Integrated genetic data with a review of fossil evidence.
Applied diversification models to analyze divergence times and speciation rates.

Main Results:

Most extant conifer species diverged recently (Neogene) within Mesozoic-established clades.
Southern Hemisphere conifer lineages exhibit significantly older divergence ages than Northern Hemisphere counterparts.
Northern Hemisphere lineages show higher rates of species turnover, suggesting elevated speciation and extinction.

Conclusions:

Hemispheric differences in diversification rates exist in conifers.
Older lineages in the Southern Hemisphere may be linked to habitat stability.
Recent Northern Hemisphere divergences may result from migration and climate-driven range shifts.