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Related Concept Videos

Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...
Sutures of the Skull01:22

Sutures of the Skull

The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
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Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

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Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Cranial and Spinal Meninges01:19

Cranial and Spinal Meninges

The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
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Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

A Reproducible Cartilage Impact Model to Generate Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in the Rabbit
08:42

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Published on: November 21, 2023

Post traumatic arachnoiditis ossificans.

Sunitha P Kumaran1, Kanchan Gupta, Aparna Maddali

  • 1Department of Radiology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India.

Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock
|September 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Arachnoiditis ossificans, a rare spinal condition involving ossification of the arachnoid, can occur after trauma. Imaging like CT and MRI helps diagnose this condition, guiding conservative treatment for patients.

Keywords:
Arachnoiditis ossificansCTMRI

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Arachnoiditis ossificans is a rare chronic condition.
  • It involves calcification or ossification of the spinal arachnoid mater.

Observation:

  • A case study of a 30-year-old patient with arachnoiditis ossificans following trauma is presented.
  • Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were utilized.

Findings:

  • The study details the specific CT and MRI imaging characteristics of arachnoiditis ossificans.
  • These findings illustrate the ossified changes in the spinal arachnoid.

Implications:

  • Accurate imaging diagnosis is crucial for identifying arachnoiditis ossificans.
  • Early diagnosis facilitates conservative management strategies for affected patients.