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Related Concept Videos

The Fossil Record02:56

The Fossil Record

The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
Bone Markings01:26

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Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
Overview of the Axial Skeleton01:09

Overview of the Axial Skeleton

The skeleton is subdivided into two major divisions—the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body. It includes all of the bones of the head, neck, chest, and back. It protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head, neck, and back and for muscles that act across the shoulder and hip joints to move their corresponding limbs.
The axial skeleton of the adult...
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
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Phylogeny01:23

Phylogeny

Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.

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ASPECTaSaurus (a dinosaur)?

A Bivard1, M Parsons

  • 1Melbourne Brain Centre Melbourne University, Florey Neuroscience Institutes, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

International Journal of Stroke : Official Journal of the International Stroke Society
|September 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Non-contrast CT Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) is less effective for early stroke assessment than advanced imaging like MRI. Newer techniques offer rapid, automated volume measurements for better hyper-acute stroke evaluation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) with the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) is a traditional method for assessing early stroke.
  • Emerging evidence suggests NCCT ASPECTS has limitations in the initial three hours post-stroke onset.
  • Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) MRI demonstrates superior performance in early stroke detection and characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the limitations of NCCT ASPECTS in hyper-acute stroke assessment.
  • To advocate for the routine adoption of advanced neuroimaging techniques in the early hours of stroke.
  • To emphasize the advantages of modern imaging over traditional methods.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of imaging modalities for early stroke.
  • Review of current literature on NCCT ASPECTS performance versus DWI MRI.
  • Discussion of automated infarct core and penumbra volume quantification.

Main Results:

  • NCCT ASPECTS shows poor performance in the first three hours after stroke onset.
  • DWI MRI provides more accurate and timely information for hyper-acute stroke assessment.
  • Automated volumetric analysis with MRI or perfusion CT offers superior insights.

Conclusions:

  • The reliance on NCCT ASPECTS for hyper-acute stroke assessment is becoming outdated.
  • Advanced imaging techniques, including DWI MRI and perfusion CT, should be routinely implemented.
  • Modern imaging provides superior, rapid, and automated quantification of infarct core and penumbra, improving stroke management.