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Anatomically Inspired Three-dimensional Micro-tissue Engineered Neural Networks for Nervous System Reconstruction, Modulation, and Modeling
Published on: May 31, 2017
Nanomaterials design and tests for neural tissue engineering
Gloria A A Saracino1, Daniela Cigognini, Diego Silva
1Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering, A.O. Ospedale Niguarda Cà Granda, Milan, 20162, Italy.
Chemical Society Reviews
|September 20, 2012
Summary
Nanostructured scaffolds offer promising solutions for neural tissue engineering by mimicking the extracellular matrix. This review critically examines advances, challenges, and potential for regenerating peripheral nerves and spinal cord injuries.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Nanostructured scaffolds show promise in tissue engineering due to their tunable molecular properties and morphology, closely resembling extracellular matrix features.
- These scaffolds allow for precise control over biomechanical properties and biomaterial-protein interactions, enhancing cell engraftment and drug diffusion.
- Developing nanotech-based regenerative therapies requires integrating diverse fields, from in silico simulations to in vitro and in vivo validation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a critical overview of recent advances, drawbacks, and potential in nanostructured scaffolds for neural tissue engineering.
- To address the regeneration of peripheral nerve transections, spinal cord injuries, and traumatic brain injuries.
- To highlight the complexity and synergistic potential of nanotech tissue engineering.
Main Methods:
- In silico simulations for scaffold design and analysis.
- Synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials at various scales (nano-, micro-, mesoscales).
- High-throughput screening methods (e.g., phage display) and in vitro cellular assays.
- In vivo validation in animal models for neural injury regeneration.
Main Results:
- Nanomaterials can be engineered to mimic extracellular matrix properties, improving scaffold performance.
- Tuning scaffold biomechanics and biofunctionalities enhances cell engraftment and controlled drug delivery.
- Interdisciplinary approaches are crucial for analyzing and advancing nanostructured scaffolds in neural tissue engineering.
Conclusions:
- Nanostructured scaffolds represent a complex but highly promising approach for neural tissue regeneration.
- Synergistic integration of diverse research fields is essential for realizing the full potential of nanotech-based therapies.
- Further research and development are needed to overcome challenges and establish effective nanotech therapies for neural injuries.
