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Financing universal coverage in Malaysia: a case study.
Hong Teck Chua1, Julius Chee Ho Cheah
1Performance Management and Delivery Unit, Prime Minister's Department, Malaysia. chuahongteck@pemandu.gov.my
BMC Public Health
|September 21, 2012
Summary
Malaysia
Area of Science:
- Health Systems Strengthening
- Health Financing Policy
- Universal Health Coverage
Background:
- Effective health financing is crucial for universal coverage and equitable health systems.
- Global evidence indicates a strong public role in health financing promotes equity and better health outcomes.
- Malaysia, a middle-income country, is examined for its health financing progress towards universal coverage.
Framework:
- The World Health Organization's Health Financing Strategy for the Asia Pacific Region (2010-2015) provides the evaluation framework.
- Malaysian National Health Accounts (2008) data is utilized for health spending analysis.
Implementation:
- Malaysia demonstrates credible performance with health expenditure at 4.75% of GDP and out-of-pocket payments at 30.7%.
- A tax-based financing system functions as a national risk-pooled scheme, with social safety nets for vulnerable populations.
- Challenges include public health worker outmigration, need for workforce compensation strategies, and private sector feedback integration.
Implications:
- Financing strategies must address workforce compensation to mitigate specialist doctor outmigration.
- Enhanced financing is needed to expand preventive care and manage rising costs of non-communicable diseases.
- Cost-effectiveness in purchasing medical supplies and good governance are essential for sustainable universal coverage.
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