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Anti-Nuclear Antibody Screening Using HEp-2 Cells

Anti-Nuclear Antibody Screening Using HEp-2 Cells

Published on: June 23, 2014

Methods for direct and indirect antisperm antibody testing.

Hiroaki Shibahara¹, Junko Koriyama

¹Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, and Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. sibahara@jichi.ac.jp

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|September 21, 2012

Summary

Antisperm antibodies (ASA) cause infertility. In females, the sperm immobilization test is more specific for detecting these antibodies, while in males, screening tests for ASA on sperm are less specific.

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Area of Science:

Reproductive immunology
Infertility diagnostics

Background:

Antisperm antibodies (ASA) are implicated in refractory infertility for both sexes.
Immunoassays are crucial for diagnosing ASA-related infertility.

Purpose of the Study:

To differentiate the diagnostic specificity of ASA detection methods in males and females.

Main Methods:

Comparison of sperm immobilization test (female) with immunobead/mixed antiglobulin reaction tests (male).
Evaluation of complement requirement in female ASA detection.
Assessment of direct vs. indirect ASA detection on sperm.

Main Results:

The sperm immobilization test in females, requiring complement, offers a more specific immunological reaction.
Male screening tests (immunobead, MAR) detect ASA directly on sperm, exhibiting nonspecific reactions.

Conclusions:

The sperm immobilization test is a more specific diagnostic tool for female antisperm antibody-related infertility.
Male ASA screening tests are less specific due to direct detection methods.