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Related Concept Videos

Heart Valves01:16

Heart Valves

The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
Blood Flow01:29

Blood Flow

Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
Pipe Flowrate Measurement01:28

Pipe Flowrate Measurement

In pipe flow measurement, orifice, nozzle, and Venturi meters are commonly used to determine fluid flowrates by constricting the flow area, which increases fluid velocity and reduces pressure. This pressure difference, governed by Bernoulli's principle and adjusted for real-world conditions, is essential for calculating flowrate. Each meter type is suited to specific applications based on accuracy, efficiency, and compatibility with various flow conditions.
The orifice meter is a simple,...

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Related Experiment Video

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Protocol for Relative Hydrodynamic Assessment of Tri-leaflet Polymer Valves
11:12

Protocol for Relative Hydrodynamic Assessment of Tri-leaflet Polymer Valves

Published on: October 17, 2013

Direct Flow Medical valve.

Klaudija Bijuklic1, Thilo Tübler, Reginald I Low

  • 1Medical Care Center Prof. Mathey, Prof. Schofer, Hamburg University Cardiovascular Center, Hamburg, Germany.

Eurointervention : Journal of Europcr in Collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology
|September 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Direct Flow Medical (DFM) valve shows feasibility and safety for aortic stenosis. Three-year follow-up demonstrates sustained benefit with no significant aortic regurgitation.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Severe symptomatic aortic stenosis necessitates advanced treatment options.
  • Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) offers a less invasive approach.
  • Novel valve technologies aim to improve procedural outcomes and patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility and safety of the novel, non-metallic, repositionable, and retrievable Direct Flow Medical (DFM) aortic valve.
  • To evaluate the early and mid-term clinical and hemodynamic performance of the DFM valve in high-risk patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, non-randomized trial evaluated the first-generation (22 Fr) DFM valve in 31 high-risk patients.
  • Procedural success, 30-day mortality, and long-term survival were assessed.
  • An improved 18 Fr DFM device is currently under investigation in a multicenter trial.

Main Results:

  • The 22 Fr DFM valve achieved a 71% procedural success rate with a 12.9% 30-day mortality.
  • At three years, survival was 60%, and all patients exhibited none/trace aortic regurgitation.
  • The revised 18 Fr DFM valve is being evaluated for enhanced efficacy and safety.

Conclusions:

  • The 22 Fr DFM valve demonstrated successful feasibility and safety in a first-in-man trial.
  • Sustained clinical benefit and excellent hemodynamic performance, with no significant aortic regurgitation, were observed up to three years.
  • The ongoing trial for the 18 Fr DFM valve is expected to further validate its potential.