Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 18, 2026
16:26
Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes
Published on: August 20, 2007
The T1D Exchange clinic registry.
Roy W Beck1, William V Tamborlane, Richard M Bergenstal
1Jaeb Center for Health Research, 15310 Amberly Drive, Tampa, Florida 33647, USA.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|September 22, 2012
Summary
The T1D Exchange registry collected data from over 25,000 individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This comprehensive dataset offers insights into T1D patient characteristics and management across the United States.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Diabetes Research
- Clinical Registries
Background:
- The T1D Exchange initiative comprises a clinic-based registry, a patient-focused website (Glu), and a biobank.
- It aims to gather extensive data on individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the T1D Exchange clinic registry.
- To provide an overview of the demographic and clinical characteristics of its participants.
Main Methods:
- Data collection involved questionnaires and chart extraction from 25,833 participants across 67 US endocrinology centers.
- Information gathered included diabetes history, management, complications, general health, lifestyle, and laboratory results.
Main Results:
- Participants spanned ages 1 to 93, with 50% female and 82% Caucasian.
- Common management included insulin pumps (50%) and continuous glucose monitoring (6%).
- Complications like renal disease and retinopathy were less prevalent in the early years of T1D, while severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis affected 7% and 8% respectively in the prior year.
Conclusions:
- The T1D Exchange clinic registry is a valuable resource for understanding type 1 diabetes in the US.
- Its rich dataset facilitates research into patient characteristics, management strategies, and health outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
01:19Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations
Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...
01:12Type I Diabetes I: Introduction
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
01:25Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis
Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
01:26Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...