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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
09:53

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge

Published on: June 15, 2018

Circulating miRNAs: reflecting or affecting cardiovascular disease?

Vanessa P M van Empel1, Leon J De Windt, Paula A da Costa Martins

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Heart Vessel Center, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands.

Current Hypertension Reports
|September 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Circulating microRNAs in blood show promise as novel biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring cardiovascular diseases like heart attack and heart failure. These small molecules offer new insights into cardiac health and disease progression.

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Digital PCR for Quantifying Circulating MicroRNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiovascular Disease
04:41

Digital PCR for Quantifying Circulating MicroRNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiovascular Disease

Published on: July 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
09:53

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge

Published on: June 15, 2018

Digital PCR for Quantifying Circulating MicroRNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiovascular Disease
04:41

Digital PCR for Quantifying Circulating MicroRNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiovascular Disease

Published on: July 3, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs regulating protein expression.
  • Emerging evidence highlights miRNAs' crucial roles in cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathogenesis.
  • Intracellular miRNAs are key to cardiac function and hemostasis, with therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases.
  • To explore the diagnostic and prognostic potential of blood-based miRNAs.
  • To discuss the significance and limitations of miRNAs in cardiovascular disease detection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on circulating miRNAs in human blood (cells, plasma, serum).
  • Analysis of miRNA detection methods and their clinical relevance.
  • Synthesis of findings related to specific cardiovascular pathologies.

Main Results:

  • Circulating miRNAs are stable in body fluids, particularly blood.
  • Specific miRNAs show potential as biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, coronary artery disease, stroke, diabetes, and hypertension.
  • Studies indicate miRNAs' utility in both diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating miRNAs represent a new generation of biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Blood-based miRNAs offer non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools.
  • Further research is needed to overcome limitations and fully establish miRNAs in clinical practice.