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Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy01:20

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...

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A Microfluidic Platform for Precision Small-volume Sample Processing and Its Use to Size Separate Biological Particles with an Acoustic Microdevice
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A membrane microcontactor as a tool for integrated sample preparation.

Jonas Hereijgers1, Manly Callewaert, Tom Breugelmans

  • 1μFlow, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.

Journal of Separation Science
|September 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A novel membrane microcontactor enables efficient liquid-liquid extraction and evaporation for organ sample preparation. This device significantly reduces analysis time for drug candidate enrichment in biological samples.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Sample preparation is crucial for accurate analysis of biological samples.
  • Traditional methods for organ sample enrichment can be time-consuming and complex.
  • Efficient extraction and evaporation techniques are needed to streamline analytical workflows.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, fabricate, and characterize a membrane microcontactor for liquid-liquid extraction and evaporation.
  • To evaluate the device's performance in enriching organ samples for subsequent analysis.
  • To assess the potential of the device for high-throughput applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a metal substrate membrane microcontactor with integrated spacers (100- or 200-μm height).
  • Evaluation of extraction kinetics using a model drug candidate (4-(2,5-dimethyl-pyrrol-1-y1)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid).
  • Enrichment and analysis of a homogenized mice kidney sample containing the drug candidate using extraction and evaporation modules, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Main Results:

  • The membrane microcontactor demonstrated effective liquid-liquid extraction and evaporation for organ sample preparation.
  • Uniform flow distribution and profile were achieved along the microchannels, allowing flexibility in sample volume.
  • Analysis of a complex biological matrix (mice kidney) resulted in an overall analysis time of 15-20 minutes per sample.
  • The system showed potential for continuous operation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed membrane microcontactor is a versatile tool for efficient sample preparation in analytical chemistry.
  • The device significantly reduces analysis time and complexity for organ samples.
  • Its design facilitates high-throughput screening and analysis, making it valuable for pharmaceutical and clinical applications.