Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 18, 2026

Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
Published on: October 12, 2017
IL-19 and IL-20 genes polymorphisms and haplotype analysis in a vesicoureteral reflux population
Dor Mohammad Kordi-Tamandani1, Simin Sadeghi-Bojd, Adam Torkamanzehi
1Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran. dor_kordi@yahoo.com
Unlabelled:
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common childhood problem, causing renal wounds and escalating the risk of renal deficiency and hypertension. A vast literature exists suggesting that genetic variations play a significant role in the pathogenesis of VUR. The aim of the present study was to estimate whether genetic polymorphisms of IL-19 (GC rs2243158, AT rs2243158) and IL-20 (AG rs2981573, TG rs2981572) genes are involved in the development of VUR.
Materials And Methods:
The tetra amplification mutation refractory system-polymerase chain reaction (Tetra-ARMS PCR) was applied for analyzing four polymorphic sites of IL-19 (GC rs2243158, AT rs2243158) and IL-20 (AG rs2981573, TG rs2981572) genes in 110 healthy controls and 124 VUR children.
Results:
A significant association was found between the combined genotypes of IL19GC+CC and IL20TG+GG and increased risk of VUR (OR = 1.90, 95% CL, 1.06-3.41; OR=1.87, 95% CL, 1.06-3.29, respectively). The frequency of allele G in both sites of IL-20 (IL20AG rs2981573 and IL20TG, rs2981572) showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.01) between cases and controls in comparison with the wild type. The combined haplotype analysis of IL-19 and IL-20 polymorphic sites revealed that HT2, HT3 and HT5 haplotypes marginally increased the risk of VUR, but not statistically significantly. Gene-gene interaction data of IL-19 (GC rs2243158, AT rs2243158) and IL-20 (AG rs2981573, TG rs2981572) in various genotype patterns highlighted the fact that most of the genotype combinations increased the risk of disease insignificantly.
Conclusion:
This is the first evidence regarding IL-19 and IL-20 cytokine genes polymorphism and risk of VUR, suggesting the need for further study with large sample size and in different populations to confirm the presented data.
Related Concept Videos
Non-LTR Retrotransposons
Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography
Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

