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Related Concept Videos

Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Models to Investigate the Epithelial Barrier in Eosinophilic Esophagitis
03:23

Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Models to Investigate the Epithelial Barrier in Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Published on: May 10, 2024

Update on eosinophilic lung diseases.

Nitin Y Bhatt1, James N Allen

  • 1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Nitin.Bhatt@osumc.edu

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|September 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eosinophilic lung diseases involve increased eosinophils in the blood or lungs. Diagnosis requires thorough evaluation, including history, exposures, and often bronchoscopy or lung biopsy, to guide treatment.

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A Method for Generating Pulmonary Neutrophilia Using Aerosolized Lipopolysaccharide
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A Method for Generating Pulmonary Neutrophilia Using Aerosolized Lipopolysaccharide
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A Method for Generating Pulmonary Neutrophilia Using Aerosolized Lipopolysaccharide

Published on: December 15, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Eosinophilic lung diseases are characterized by elevated eosinophils in the blood and/or lung tissue.
  • These conditions can be primary or secondary to other systemic issues, infections, drug reactions, or malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic approach for patients presenting with suspected eosinophilic lung disease.
  • To emphasize the importance of identifying the specific etiology for effective therapeutic decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive patient history and physical examination.
  • Review of potential exposures (environmental, occupational, medications).
  • Diagnostic testing, potentially including bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage or lung biopsy.

Main Results:

  • Eosinophilic lung disease is suspected based on pulmonary findings coupled with blood eosinophilia, bronchoalveolar lavage eosinophilia, or lung tissue eosinophilia.
  • Establishing a specific cause is crucial for tailoring treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic diagnostic workup is essential for managing eosinophilic lung diseases.
  • Accurate etiological diagnosis directly impacts patient outcomes and treatment selection.