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Related Concept Videos

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...
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In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

Deriving quantum theory from its local structure and reversibility.

Gonzalo de la Torre1, Lluís Masanes, Anthony J Short

  • 1ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, E-08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.

Physical Review Letters
|September 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We explored if dynamical reversibility in physical theories with quantum-like local structures could restore global quantum structure. For identical qubits, we found that reversible interactions necessitate the theory being identical to quantum theory.

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Area of Science:

  • Theoretical physics
  • Quantum information theory

Background:

  • Investigating physical theories beyond standard quantum mechanics.
  • Previous work showed bipartite correlations are quantum-shareable, but tripartite are not.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if dynamical reversibility restores global quantum structure.
  • To analyze theories with quantum local structure but potentially different global structure.

Main Methods:

  • Exploring constraints on theories beyond quantum mechanics.
  • Analyzing dynamical reversibility in physical theories.
  • Focusing on the specific case of identical qubits.

Main Results:

  • Theories with quantum-like local structure and dynamical reversibility are constrained.
  • For identical qubits, a continuous reversible interaction implies the theory is quantum theory.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamical reversibility is a key constraint for theories mimicking quantum mechanics.
  • This constraint forces theories with quantum local structure to fully align with quantum theory for identical qubits.