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Detection of Black Holes01:10

Detection of Black Holes

Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon01:21

Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon

No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape velocity with the...
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
Divergence and Curl of Magnetic Field01:26

Divergence and Curl of Magnetic Field

The magnetic field due to a volume current distribution given by the Biot–Savart Law can be expressed as follows:
Gravitation Between Spherically Symmetric Masses01:14

Gravitation Between Spherically Symmetric Masses

The gravitational potential energy between two spherically symmetric bodies can be calculated from the masses and the distance between the bodies, assuming that the center of mass is concentrated at the respective centers of the bodies.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

Helical superconducting black holes.

Aristomenis Donos1, Jerome P Gauntlett

  • 1Theoretical Physics Group, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|September 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We discovered new black hole solutions dual to superconductors with helical order. Their properties at zero temperature reveal unique ground states with emergent scaling symmetry.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Theoretical physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • String theory

Background:

  • Holographic duality connects gravity theories with quantum field theories.
  • Superconducting phases exhibit complex ordered states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct novel black hole solutions in anti-de Sitter space.
  • To explore their holographic duals in four spacetime dimensions.
  • To analyze the behavior of helical p-wave superconducting phases.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of static, asymptotically five-dimensional anti-de Sitter black hole solutions.
  • Application of Bianchi type-VII(0) symmetry.
  • Calculation of temperature dependence for helical order pitch.
  • Analysis of black hole properties at zero temperature.

Main Results:

  • Novel black hole solutions with Bianchi type-VII(0) symmetry were constructed.
  • These solutions are holographically dual to superconducting phases with helical p-wave order.
  • The temperature dependence of the helical order pitch was precisely calculated.
  • At zero temperature, black holes exhibit vanishing entropy and approach domain wall solutions.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals homogenous, nonisotropic dual ground states with emergent scaling symmetry.
  • These findings provide insights into the relationship between black hole physics and condensed matter phenomena.
  • The constructed solutions offer a new framework for studying holographic superconductors.