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Short-time spin dynamics in strongly correlated few-fermion systems
Sebastiano Peotta1, Davide Rossini, Pietro Silvi
1NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto di Nanoscienze-CNR, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
Physical Review Letters
|September 26, 2012
Summary
We studied spin dynamics in one-dimensional interacting fermions. Many-body effects alter decay rates, offering testable predictions for ultracold atom experiments.
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Quantum Dynamics
- Ultracold Atomic Gases
Background:
- Understanding nonequilibrium quantum dynamics is crucial for many-body systems.
- Spin dynamics in one-dimensional systems exhibit unique behaviors due to strong correlations.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the short-time decay of spin dynamics in one-dimensional repulsively interacting Fermi systems.
- Analyze the influence of interaction strength on decay rates and temporal evolution.
Main Methods:
- Density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) simulations were employed.
- Focus on the time evolution of oscillation amplitudes for spin-up and spin-down fermions.
Main Results:
- Many-body effects cause decay to transition from quadratic to linear, then back to quadratic with increasing interaction strength.
- Decay rate shows a linear dependence on repulsion in the weak-coupling regime.
- Decay rate is inversely proportional to repulsion in the strong-coupling regime.
Conclusions:
- The study reveals complex many-body effects governing spin decay in 1D Fermi systems.
- Predictions provide a pathway for experimental verification using ultracold few-fermion systems.
- Results contribute to the understanding of quantum dynamics in interacting low-dimensional systems.
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