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Related Concept Videos

Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948;/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates
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Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7−δ/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates

Published on: April 12, 2019

Noncollinear magnetism and spin-orbit coupling in 5d pyrochlore oxide Cd2Os2O7.

Hiroshi Shinaoka1, Takashi Miyake, Shoji Ishibashi

  • 1National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|September 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

We studied the electronic and magnetic properties of Cd2Os2O7, finding that an all-in-all-out magnetic order is stable. Spin-orbit coupling is key to this magnetic stability, explaining observed properties.

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Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
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Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

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Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Chemistry

Background:

  • Pyrochlore oxides exhibit complex electronic and magnetic behaviors.
  • Understanding these properties is crucial for novel material applications.
  • Cd2Os2O7 is a pyrochlore oxide with intriguing low-temperature phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of Cd2Os2O7.
  • To determine the ground-state phase diagram as a function of on-site repulsion (U).
  • To elucidate the role of spin-orbit coupling in magnetic ordering.

Main Methods:

  • Density-functional theory plus on-site repulsion (U) calculations.
  • Phase diagram mapping with respect to U.
  • Analysis of spin-orbit coupling effects.

Main Results:

  • The all-in-all-out noncollinear magnetic order is stable across a broad range of U.
  • Spin-orbit coupling significantly stabilizes this magnetic order.
  • A pseudogap emerges near the antiferromagnetic metallic to insulating phase transition.

Conclusions:

  • The study clarifies the magnetic ground state of Cd2Os2O7.
  • Spin-orbit coupling is identified as a critical factor for magnetic stability.
  • The findings provide insights into the unusual low-temperature properties of this material.