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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene π orbitals.
Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems
07:44

Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems

Published on: April 28, 2016

Alternative route to strong interaction: narrow Feshbach resonance.

Tin-Lun Ho1, Xiaoling Cui, Weiran Li

  • 1Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Narrow resonances cause significant interaction effects beyond their width due to phase shift structures. This leads to asymmetric interaction energy magnitudes, unlike wide resonances, and is experimentally verifiable.

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Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Mapping: A New Methodology to Elucidate Global Structural Features
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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems
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Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems

Published on: April 28, 2016

Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Mapping: A New Methodology to Elucidate Global Structural Features
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Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Mapping: A New Methodology to Elucidate Global Structural Features

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Atomic and molecular physics
  • Scattering theory

Background:

  • Resonances in quantum scattering describe temporary states where particles interact strongly.
  • Understanding resonance behavior is crucial for predicting particle interactions and bound state formation.
  • The properties of narrow resonances differ significantly from those of wide resonances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction effects of narrow resonances beyond their characteristic width.
  • To explain the underlying mechanism causing these extended interaction effects.
  • To compare the behavior of narrow resonances with wide resonances regarding interaction energy asymmetry.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the phase shift structure associated with narrow resonances.
  • Theoretical investigation of how phase shifts influence scattering states.
  • Comparison of interaction energy magnitudes on different branches of the resonance.

Main Results:

  • Narrow resonances induce strong interaction effects extending far beyond their width.
  • A specific phase shift structure shifts numerous scattering states by π before bound state emergence.
  • Interaction energy magnitudes exhibit high asymmetry when approaching the resonance from different sides, particularly on the 'upper' and 'lower' branches.

Conclusions:

  • The phase shift resonance structure is responsible for the extended and asymmetric interaction effects observed in narrow resonances.
  • These findings highlight a key difference between narrow and wide resonance behaviors.
  • The predicted effects are experimentally measurable, offering avenues for future research.