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Related Concept Videos

Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

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Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
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Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

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Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
Diffusion01:12

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Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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Updated: May 18, 2026

Mapping Molecular Diffusion in the Plasma Membrane by Multiple-Target Tracing (MTT)
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Mapping Molecular Diffusion in the Plasma Membrane by Multiple-Target Tracing (MTT)

Published on: May 27, 2012

Interfacial territory covered by surface-mediated diffusion.

T Calandre1, O Bénichou, D S Grebenkov

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (UMR 7600), CNRS/UPMC, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75255 Paris Cedex, France.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|September 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models molecule diffusion on catalytic surfaces, revealing how surface and bulk movement affect reaction efficiency. Entrance and exit points significantly influence adsorption time and reaction probability, offering insights into catalyst performance.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Surface Science
  • Chemical Kinetics

Background:

  • Heterogeneous catalysis is crucial for industrial processes.
  • Understanding molecule diffusion on surfaces is key to catalyst design.
  • Confined environments introduce unique diffusion dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a minimal model for heterogeneous catalysis with surface-mediated diffusion.
  • To analyze the interplay of surface and bulk diffusion within a confining domain.
  • To quantify the reaction efficiency of an idealized catalyst.

Main Methods:

  • Exact analytical solutions for mean and variance of boundary territory covered.
  • Analysis of a two-dimensional spherical domain model.
  • Determination of bounds and approximations for reaction probability.

Main Results:

  • Exact results for the mean and variance of the territory covered by a diffusing molecule.
  • Demonstration of varied adsorption times based on entrance/exit point locations.
  • Derivation of bounds and an approximate expression for reaction probability before exit.

Conclusions:

  • The model provides a quantitative measure of idealized catalyst efficiency.
  • Diffusion dynamics and domain geometry significantly impact catalytic outcomes.
  • Entrance-exit positioning is a critical factor in optimizing surface reactions.