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Processing of Bulk Nanocrystalline Metals at the US Army Research Laboratory

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Superfunctionalities in nanodispersive precipitation-hardened alloys.

Wei-Feng Rao¹, Armen G Khachaturyan

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University, 607 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|September 26, 2012

Summary

Precipitation-hardened alloys may exhibit superfunctional properties, showing giant, low-hysteretic strain responses. This occurs when nanosized precipitates switch orientation variants under applied fields, enabling new material functionalities.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Solid State Physics
Metallurgy

Background:

Nanodispersive precipitation-hardened alloys are established structural materials.
Their potential for superfunctional properties has been largely overlooked.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential for superfunctional properties in nanodispersive precipitation-hardened alloys.
To explore the mechanisms behind giant low-hysteretic strain responses.

Main Methods:

Analytical calculations to determine variant switching barriers.
Computer prototyping to confirm theoretical predictions.
Investigating the role of misfit-generated coherency stress.

Main Results:

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Nanosized precipitates can switch orientation variants under applied fields.

Coherency stress significantly reduces variant switching barriers.

Hysteresis in strain super responses can be drastically decreased or eliminated.

Conclusions:

These alloys can be functionalized as shape memory, superelastic, and supermagnetostrictive materials.
Conditions for functionalization were established.
Paves the way for rare-earth-free alloys with excellent magnetomechanical and mechanical properties.