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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
Induction01:16

Induction

An emf is induced when the magnetic field in a coil is changed by pushing a bar magnet into or out of the coil. emfs of opposite signs are produced by motion in opposite directions, and the directions of emfs are also reversed by reversing poles. The same results are produced if the coil is moved rather than the magnet—it is the relative motion that is important. The faster the motion, the greater the emf. Additionally, there is no emf when the magnet is stationary relative to the coil.
A...
Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Conductor01:25

Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Conductor

Moving charges experience a force in a magnetic field. Since the magnetic fields produced by moving charges are proportional to the current, a conductor carrying a current creates a magnetic field around it.
Consider a compass placed near a current-carrying wire. The wire experiences a force that aligns the needle of the compass tangentially around the wire. Thus, the current-carrying wire produces concentric circular loops of magnetic field. The magnetic field generated by a wire can be...
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
07:42

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

Andreev current induced by ferromagnetic resonance.

Caroline Richard1, Manuel Houzet, Julia S Meyer

  • 1SPSMS, UMR-CEA/UJF-Grenoble, INAC, France.

Physical Review Letters
|September 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

We discovered that precessing magnetization in ferromagnetic materials can induce a direct current (dc) in superconducting systems without applied voltage. This charge transport phenomenon is enhanced when the metallic dot is strongly coupled to the superconductor.

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In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
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In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
07:42

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
06:34

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum electronics
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Investigating charge transport in hybrid systems containing superconducting and ferromagnetic materials is crucial for developing novel electronic devices.
  • Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) offers a method to dynamically control magnetization, potentially enabling new transport phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the induction of direct current (dc) in a metallic dot coupled to superconducting and ferromagnetic leads.
  • To explore the role of magnetization precession, driven by FMR, in generating subgap charge transport.
  • To analyze the influence of coupling strength to the superconductor on the induced current.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing quasiclassical theory to model charge transport.
  • Simulating a system comprising a metallic dot, a superconducting lead, and a ferromagnetic lead with precessing magnetization.
  • Analyzing the rectification of ac spin currents at the ferromagnet-dot interface.

Main Results:

  • Magnetization precession induces a dc current in the subgap regime, even without bias voltage.
  • This induced current arises from the rectification of ac spin currents at the ferromagnet interface.
  • The effect is present even without spin current in the superconductor.
  • A strong enhancement of the induced current is observed when the dot is strongly coupled to the superconductor, compared to the normal state.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic control of magnetization via FMR can generate a measurable dc current in hybrid superconducting-ferromagnetic systems.
  • The rectification of spin currents offers a novel mechanism for generating spin-polarized currents.
  • Strong coupling to the superconducting lead significantly boosts the induced current, highlighting the importance of interface properties.