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Sorafenib-induced tuberculosis reactivation

MinYuen Teo1, Terence M O'Connor, Seamus P O'Reilly

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland. neuy924@gmail.com

Onkologie
|September 26, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sorafenib, used for cancer treatment, may trigger latent tuberculosis reactivation. Vigilance and screening for tuberculosis are recommended for patients on sorafenib therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor approved for renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • In vitro studies suggest sorafenib can inhibit immune cells and cytokines crucial for maintaining latent tuberculosis (TB) granulomas.

Observation:

  • A 74-year-old male with metastatic renal cell carcinoma experienced productive cough, sweats, and weight loss while on sorafenib.
  • Thoracic CT revealed lung consolidation and cavitation; sputum analysis confirmed active tuberculosis.
  • The patient was diagnosed with sorafenib-induced tuberculosis reactivation.

Findings:

  • Sorafenib treatment was discontinued, and anti-tuberculous antibiotics were initiated.
  • The patient showed symptomatic and radiographic improvement after treatment modification.

Implications:

  • Sorafenib may increase the risk of latent tuberculosis progressing to active disease.
  • Healthcare providers should consider screening patients for latent TB before initiating sorafenib.
  • Increased vigilance for tuberculosis symptoms is warranted in patients receiving sorafenib.

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