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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE). Of...
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists01:23

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists

Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
These agonists bind to the IPR receptor situated on the plasma membrane of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. This binding triggers a cascade of reactions known as the GS-AC-cAMP-PKA pathway. This pathway results in the relaxation of smooth muscle...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure

Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue, improving...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Multiple Intravenous Bolus Dosing and Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment in a Hypoxia-Induced Mouse Pulmonary Artery Hypertension Model
08:51

Multiple Intravenous Bolus Dosing and Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment in a Hypoxia-Induced Mouse Pulmonary Artery Hypertension Model

Published on: November 11, 2022

Anesthesia and pulmonary hypertension.

Dana McGlothlin1, Natalia Ivascu, Paul M Heerdt

  • 1Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA. mcglothl@medicine.ucsf.edu

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
|September 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Patients with pulmonary hypertension face higher risks during anesthesia and surgery, primarily from right ventricular failure. Effective management requires careful preoperative assessment, multidisciplinary planning, and vigilant intraoperative and postoperative care to reduce morbidity and mortality.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Multiple Intravenous Bolus Dosing and Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment in a Hypoxia-Induced Mouse Pulmonary Artery Hypertension Model
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Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Published on: November 18, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Pulmonary hypertension (PH) significantly increases risks associated with anesthesia and surgery.
  • Key complications include right ventricular failure, arrhythmias, hypoxemia, and myocardial ischemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a comprehensive approach for managing patients with PH undergoing surgery.
  • To emphasize the anesthetic considerations for non-cardiothoracic procedures in PH patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension.
  • Analysis of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative risk factors.
  • Discussion of screening for pulmonary arterial hypertension.
  • Focus on anesthetic management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Anesthesia and surgery pose substantial risks for PH patients.
  • Multidisciplinary planning and risk assessment are crucial.
  • Early recognition and treatment of complications are vital for improved outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Successful surgical outcomes in PH patients depend on a thorough understanding of the disease and meticulous management.
  • Special attention to anesthetic techniques is necessary, particularly for non-cardiac surgeries.