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Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Application of a Dual Upper Limb Task-Oriented Robotic System for the Functional Recovery of the Upper Limb in Stroke Patients

Application of a Dual Upper Limb Task-Oriented Robotic System for the Functional Recovery of the Upper Limb in Stroke Patients

Published on: October 11, 2024

Optimizing muscle power after stroke: a cross-sectional study.

Verna A Stavric¹, Peter J McNair

¹School of Rehabilitation and Occupation Studies, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand. verna.stavric@aut.ac.nz

Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation

|September 28, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Stroke survivors experience significant muscle power deficits. Peak lower limb muscle power was achieved with lighter loads (30% of 1RM) in both affected and unaffected limbs, suggesting a focus for rehabilitation.

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Standing Neurophysiological Assessment of Lower Extremity Muscles Post-Stroke

Standing Neurophysiological Assessment of Lower Extremity Muscles Post-Stroke

Published on: July 26, 2021

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Application of a Dual Upper Limb Task-Oriented Robotic System for the Functional Recovery of the Upper Limb in Stroke Patients

Application of a Dual Upper Limb Task-Oriented Robotic System for the Functional Recovery of the Upper Limb in Stroke Patients

Published on: October 11, 2024

Standing Neurophysiological Assessment of Lower Extremity Muscles Post-Stroke

Standing Neurophysiological Assessment of Lower Extremity Muscles Post-Stroke

Published on: July 26, 2021

Area of Science:

Neurology
Rehabilitation Science
Biomechanics

Background:

Stroke causes significant disability, leading to muscle performance deficits and activity limitations.
Muscle power, not just strength, is crucial for activity performance post-stroke.
Optimal training parameters for muscle power in stroke survivors are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate lower limb muscle power performance at varying loads in individuals with and without stroke.
To compare muscle power output between involved and uninvolved limbs in stroke survivors.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional study involving 58 participants with hemiplegia and age-matched controls.
Lower limb muscle power measured using a modified leg press at 30%, 50%, and 70% of one repetition maximum (1-RM).

Main Results:

Peak muscle power was highest at a 30% 1-RM load across all groups (involved, uninvolved, and control limbs).
Stroke survivors exhibited significantly lower peak power in their involved limbs compared to their uninvolved limbs.
Both involved and uninvolved limbs of stroke survivors generated significantly less peak power than control limbs.

Conclusions:

Stroke leads to substantial muscle power deficits in both limbs.
Lighter loads (30% 1-RM) elicited maximal muscle power output.
Further research is needed to explore training at lighter loads and higher velocities to enhance power and activity performance post-stroke.